Showing posts with label uceed sample. Show all posts
Showing posts with label uceed sample. Show all posts

24 August 2019

Study materials for UCEED main topics

You are here UCEED >> Resource and books for UCEED
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Mathematical Geometry


Image-based reasoning is very important for UCEED. This requires good imagination and visualization skills. To get this skill, as a first step, you are advised to learn on how to visualize a given solid from all directions. This will help you build your aptitude skill. 

Here are set of my video tutorials that will help with non-verbal, design aptitude and geometry kind of questions

What to start? and How to solve design aptitude, non-verbal, and Ability questions with examples


PART 16


Maths Basics for non-math background design aspirants



How to count no. of surfaces in given solids




Here is my latest post - Improve imagination, work with 3D solids and unfolding of solid shapes





Some good video tutorials from youtube that help you with Solid transformations



source : Maths Online



source : Study pug


Other downloadable materials
Basic Geometry study (for reference) -
More - Sectioning of solids from NPTEL
    A very Good guide about - Using Perspective and Vanishing Points

    Observation and Visualisation skills


    1. Puzzles to improve observation

    Tangram Puzzles - 
    Downloadable PDF's
    PDF book on Non-verbal and Pictorial puzzles to improve observation

    Practice questions for Non-verbal (abstract test) questions

    2. Animation movement

    This topic covers the notion of frame making as used in animation. This basically involves the consecutive steps/positions of the image.

    Check the detail in downloadable (Pdf) form Tips for analyzing the pattern and graphic movements >>

    3. Working with Geometric Objects

    Some solved geomtry related questions (Pdf) with explanation -  working with geometry objects >>

    Learn a way of Solving number of faces on complex objects >>

    4. Hidden words and images

    Check the details in downloadable (Pdf) from here>>

    5. Tessellations

    Generally called as unfolded views, Tessellation is all about unwrapping a solid on a flat surface and drawing the unfolded view on a paper. I also gave easy way of solving tetrahedron tessellation problem in one of my pages. check below links

    My solution for tetrahedron tessellation problem - Tetrahedron Tessellation problem solving here>>

    Geometry representations by Malati - here>>

    Leisure time works

    • A detailed instructions on how to draw a tessellation by David B Sullivan -  here
    • Best tessellations work by Escher from teacherweb - here

    6. Illusions

    Improve Observation skills with Illusions -  here >>
    Second list of illusions - here >>

    7. Evolution of objects (less important)

    Evolution generally means product cycle from past to present. So, you are generally required to observe and identify the everyday use items (say TV) from old to new generation.
    check the details in downloadable (Pdf) from Some examples of evolution here >>

    General Design Awareness study topics


    I have covered a lot of topics related to CEED Part - A exam in my earlier posts for CEED students.  The topics are basically related to several design field awareness, their past, present and future. Fortunately, most of those topics can be directly helpful for UCEED aspirants also. Thankfully; that reduced my burden :)

    I therefore have included those selected topics and skipped some topics that might not be useful. Hope this will be helpful for your preparation. 
    Free time reference study

    Extra 1 - Mirroring
    • Uses of convex and concave mirror - here
    • Uses of convex mirrors - here
    • Uses of concave mirrors - here

    Answer/solutions to Previous CEED papers


    Solving previous years CEED Part - A questions would  help you with UCEED preparation as both the syllabus are mostly same. Spare some time to solve CEED questions too !


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    Self-Evaluation test

    Before going through further materials as part of UCEED preparation. Let's see this. Assuming that you have over-viewed the above resources (topics related to geometry and pictorial questions), I would like you to check your understanding of the concept by solving one simple question.

    Sample Practice question for self evaluation 

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    Sample numerical and aptitude questions for UCEED

    English comprehension


    Comprehension material 1

    Very good exercise with answer key


    leisure time study - TOEFL material

    Indian cultural GA

    I strongly believe that - it's not that important to study topics like Indian Architecture, buildings, Indian past and present culture; but because I received requirement from a blog friend (through FB) to share these topics, I therefore include those topics here (that I have prepared for CEED).  I once again remind you that these topics are of least importance to your preparation !

    Indian state paintings and painters

    Indian musical instruments

    Something about India and time

    Cultural and complete Architectural collection of India  (Not Imp)

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    Materials and manufacturing related


    I had detailed and categorized materials as well as manufacturing process with examples of day-to-day products. Don't spend much time on this topic ! Just give a brief overview.

    1. Every day materials - here >>
    2. Plastic materials and manufacturing process - A very good guide for household plastic materials and their manufacturing process. You may not go through manufacturing process, just note for what material, what particular manufacturing process is employed - here >>
    3. Tips for selecting plastic materials - here >>
    4. Top Indian stone and rock carvings - here >>
    A very good website for practising unfolded views of solids - Practice unfolded views of solids >>




    Like Stuff You Look blog on Facebook page to get connected with latest posts.


    20 July 2019

    Answer key to UCEED 2019 Previous paper

    You are here Solutions >> UCEED 2019 solution


    You may download UCEED 2019 question paper here 


    Detailed explanation to some of the design aptitude questions of UCEED 2019 is available in the below set of videos







    Answers for UCEED 2019 Exam paper 


    1) 3

    In the below image, I've identified the possible pairs of shoe sole patterns. 


    2) 22

    The surface will be extruded to a solid as shown in the below image, 

    No. of surfaces in the front = 10
    No. of surfaces in the right = 2 (I considered the inner curved surface of the circle)
    No. of surfaces in the back = 8
    No. of surfaces in the left = 0
    No. of surfaces from top = 1
    No. of surfaces from bottom = 1
    Total =22

    3) 316

    Each person gives a gift/hug to the remaining 14 people. 

    No. of gifts that each person should have = 2*14 = 28

    Total No. of gifts for 15 people = 28*15 = 420

    No of hugs that each person gives to other = 14

    However, here it should be noted that one person hugging a second person is also equivalent to the second person hugging the first person. So, the second person will only be hugging the remaining 13 people. Likewise, if we add the no. of hugs that each person will be making, the numbers will be like

    14+13+12+11+10+9+8+7+6+5+4+3+2 = 104

    So, the difference between the no. of hugs and the no. of gifts exchanged will be
    420 - 104 = 316

    4) 44

    On all the three sides, same no. of tetrahedrons should be visible.
    Total number on say face 1 = 16
    Total number on say face 2 = 16-(1+1+1+1) 
    the deduction is because they are already counted for the face 1
    Total number on say face 3 = 16 - (1+2+2+2)
    the deduction is because they are already counted for the face 1 and 2
    Total number on bottom surface = 16 - (3+6)
    The deduction is because they are already counted for faces 1,2,3

    so, total = 16 + (16-4)+(16-7)+(16-9) = 44

    5) 18

    In the below image, I've marked numbers for each respective squares. Green square mean 0. The position of red square determines the value for that square. If it's left most, it's move would be 3 to the power 0, if in the middle, the value would be 3 to the power 1 and red box in the right mean 3 to the power 2 as shown below. Based on the position of the green and red boxes, we can add the numbers to get the total sum. 

    Now, in the second image below, the same logic applies but note that it will be multiplied by 2. 


    In the image below, I've indicated the numbers.

    so, the answer is 

    9 X 2 = 18

    6) 18

    (1,1) = 1 
    (1,2) = 2 
    (1,3) = 3
    (1,4) = 4
    (1,5) = 5 
    (1,6) = 6 
    (2,1), (2,2), (2,3) are not possible because their products 2, 4, 6 are already available. 

    continuing with the series
    (2,4) = 8
    (2,5) = 10
    (2,6) = 12
    the product values of (3,1), (3,2), (3,4) are already taken. So,
    (3,3) = 9
    (3,5) = 15
    (3,6) = 18
    the product values of (4,1), (4,2), (4,3) are already taken. So,
    (4,4) = 16
    (4,5) = 20
    (4,6) = 24
    the product values of (5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4) are already taken. So,
    (5,5) = 25
    (5,6) = 30
    the product values of (6,1), (6,2), (6,3), (6,4), (6,5) are already taken. So,
    (6,6) = 36

    Counting all the possible unique products, we see 18.

    7) 20

    Adding the second pattern exactly on top of the first (leftmost) pattern will look like below.


    Now, if we add the lines on top of the combination of A and B, it will look something like shown in the below image. Now, I belive you can count the no. of triangles. 


    8) 7

    After 7 unit of time, the position of the blocks will be as shown in the below image.


    9) 9

    Below image shows the solid formed after the intersection. 

    No. of sides = 2+2+2+1+1+1

    10) 57

    Since the cuboid is symmetrical about the three axes, we count the no. of cubes in the three rows of the top, which will be sufficient. 

    No. of cubes in 
    First row on top = 5
    second row from top = 5 + 8 = 13
    third row from top = 13 + 8 = 21
    Total no. of cubes = twice the first two rows + middle (third) row
    = 2x(5+13) + 21 = 36+21 = 57

    11) 10

    Front = 1+2 = 3 (2 includes the cut hole surfaces of drill)
    right side = 1+2 = 3 (2 indicates the slots already present in the solid)
    back = 1
    left side = 1
    top = 1
    bottom = 1

    12) 450

    Given the length between B and Q is 150(sqrt(6)). Since there are 10 steps in between, the distance between B and X as shown in the image below would be 15(sqrt(6)). (divide the total length by 10).
    We are interested in finding the length of BD. So, using length BX and angle 45 degrees, we can put like

    cos(45) = BX/BD
    1/sqrt(2) = 15sqrt(6)/BD
    BD = 15*sqrt(2)*sqrt(6) = 15*sqrt(12) = 15*sqrt(3*4) = 15*2*sqrt(3) =30*sqrt(3)

    Now, when ABR makes 60 degrees, angle made by BD with BX will be 30 degrees as shown below. We want the new distance BX = d
    cos(30) = BX/BD
    sqrt(3)/2 = d/(30*sqrt(3))
    d = 30*sqrt(3)*sqrt(3)/2
     = 30*3/2
     = 45

    So, the new distance between B and Q is 45*10 = 450

    13) 399

    Given in (i)

    1+4 = 5

    in (iii)
    x-y = 14
    x is two digit and y is one digit
    Let's assume 20-6 =14

    in (ii)
    4+x=y
    we know 1,4,5, and 6, we should choose y such that it is single digit when 4 is added to x
    say 
    4+3 = 7
    Now, from (iv)
    313 + some two  digit number (with 6 at the end)= ?

    given the result should have two same digits

    313 + a6 = 3(1+a)9
    since two numbers should be same, we assume 1+a as 9, which means a = 8

    14) 96

    For easy understanding, I've shown some portion lines below. 


    If you carefully observe the given pattern, you will see that even the dark portion area is the same as the area of the white trapezoid. In fact, the black pattern can be reorganized to form the exact trapezoid shape as shown below.

    Area of each trapezium = one fourth of the area of one square of side 8.
    That is, area of one pattern = 8*8/4 = 16

    Total area of 6 such shapes = 16*6 = 96

    15) 24

    In the below image, I've given alphabets, using the length AC, we can estimate the required total length of the star outer border. 

    AB is the radius of the circle, which is sqrt(3), and ABC makes 30 degrees at the center (because ABC is 1/12th of the total circle)

    from triangle ABC, 
    tan(30) = AC/AB = AC/sqrt(3)
    AC = tan(30)*sqrt(3) = sqrt(3)/sqrt(3) = 1

    Since AC =1,
    CD =1*2 = 2
    Also, CE=ED=DN=MN=LM=KL=JK=IJ=HI=GH=FG=CF=2
    Total length of outer border = 
    2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 = 24

    16) 1190

    The font of the number '9' as shown in '1190' is different than that used in other numbers. This type of questions is purely based on your observation.

    17) 23

    No. of surfaces from
    Front = 6
    Right side = 5
    back = 4
    left side = 4
    top = 2
    bottom = 2

    18) 9

    The below image shows the images.

    19) 112

    The first thing is to find the radius of the small circles. Once the radius is known, we can find the area of the shaded part as shown in the below image. 


    Once the small shaded part area is known, then the total area of the orange part is 8 times of the shaded part. 
    Area = 8x14 = 112

    20) 160

    No. of female yellow cows = (7-1) = 6
    Volume in liters of milk by yellow cows = 6*10 = 60
    No. of female brown cows = (6-2) = 4
    Volume in liters of milk by brown cows = 4*7 = 28
    No. of female white cows = (9-3) = 6
    Volume in liters of milk by white cows = 6*12 = 72

    Total liters of milk collected = 60+28+72 = 160

    21) C, D

    By careful observation

    22) A, B

    Source: Wikipedia

    Ali Akbar Khan was a Hindustani classical musician of the Maihar gharana, known for his virtuosity in playing the sarod.

    Amjad Ali Khan Bangash is an Indian classical sarod player, best known for his clear and fast ekhara taans. He was awarded India's second highest civilian honour Padma Vibhushan in 2001.

    Pandit Dr. Lakshminarayana Subramaniam is an acclaimed Indian violinist, composer and conductor, trained in the classical Carnatic music tradition and Western classical music, and renowned for his virtuoso playing techniques and compositions in orchestral fusion.

    Pandit Ravi Shankar was a Bengali Indian musician and a composer of Hindustani classical music. He was the best-known proponent of the sitar. Shankar was awarded India's highest civilian honor, the Bharat Ratna in 1999. 

    Hariprasad Chaurasia is an Indian music director and classical flutist.

    23) B, C, D

    Let us number the sides as shown in the below image.


    As shown below image, A doesn't satisfy the condition.

    B,C,D allign the sides in proper number as shown in the below set of images.





    24) A,B,C 

    In the below image, I've shown the direction of the arrow along which the structure in the options was supposed to be passed through.


    25) C

    26) B, D

    The below two images shows the working of the answer.


    27) C, D

    By observation

    28) A, C, D

    29) A, B


    30) A, C

    In the below pictures, I've highlighted in red, the patterns that are not matching to the given style.



    31) A, C, D

    32) B, D

    B and D are literally the same while both A and C operations lead to a different configuration.


    As usual, I've taken the below two highlighted regions as a reference to match with Q. (This solution key was prepared by Bhanu of stuffyoulook blog. In case if you found this being taught or copied by some coaching institutes, then better understand the level of that coaching institute!) 

    33) A, B, D

    A is Coucal - A widespread resident in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia

    B is Jungle babbler (Argya striata) is found in the Indian subcontinent. They are gregarious birds that forage in small groups of six to ten birds, a habit that has given them the popular name of "Seven Sisters" in urban Northern India, and Saath bhai (seven brothers) in Bengali.

    C is The toco toucan, also known as the common toucan, giant toucan or simply toucan, is the largest and probably the best known species in the toucan family. It is found in semi-open habitats throughout a large part of central and eastern South America. 

    The white-bellied drongo (Dicrurus caerulescens) is a species of drongo found across the Indian Subcontinent.

    34) 
    Not very sure.

    35) A, C

    To facilitate easy understanding, I've made the below images. Since red frame is stationary and green frame is rotated or turned, I've marked the empty squares on the green first in red color.
    Now, after the operations (turning or rotation based on the hinge or the pivot - check the direction of the arrow in each image) I've marked the position of the numbered squares in yellow and green color.


    Yellow colored number on top of the red frame indicates that it will not be visible while green coloured numbered square means it will be visible coz the open squares on both the frames will match with them. Now look for the position of the green numbers and match with the pattern shown in the left of the ques. Also, note the small yellow dot circle in the below image for C and D, that indicates the position where both the circles coincides after the rotation operation.



    36) A, C

    All the tools are meant for cutting something or the other, but they are not for fabric. Only A has spring back action and B can crack nuts. 

    37) B

    Matching the small cut line (dashed line ) o nthe side of the big paper, the following are the front and back pairs before they got folded. 

    13, 14
    15, 16
    1, 2
    3, 4
    11, 12
    6, 10
    5, 6
    7, 8

    Also, following the pattern of the fold, the follwoing is the ordering of the numbers 

    5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 14, 15, 16, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12

    Working for my reference 
    first fold pattern
    8,9,4,13
    7, 10, 3, 14
    6,11,2,15
    5,12,1,16

    second fold pattern
    16,1
    15, 2
    14, 3
    13, 4
    8, 9
    7, 10
    6, 11
    5, 12

    Third fold pattern (final order)
    5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 14, 15, 16, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12

    38) A, C

    A. Probability that one of the drawn socks is white = no. of white socks divided by total socks = 10/20 = 0.5 = 50%

    B. The chance that both are of same color = (10/20)*(9/19) which is not 0.5 or 50%

    the rest two options can be worked something similar to above.

    39) B, D

    A is definitely no, As C is adjacent and needs sliding/lifting - he needs less effort to do that than put in the bin C than the effort required for B. Same goes with bin A as given in option B.  

    40) A,B,C,D

    1. Given:  
    Some mizrabs play Tabla   
    2. Also given:
    Mizrabs and Dictions do not play the same instrument.

    So, Dictions will not play Tabla.

    3. Given: 
    Some Frets play Sitar

    4. Also given:
    Frets and Scripts do not play the same instrument

    So, Scripts do not play Sitar for sure.

    5. Given,
    Dictions do not play Harmonium

    From 5 and 2 above, we can say that some or all Mizrabs will play Harmonium.

    6. Given, 
    The kind that plays Harmonium does not play Sarod 

    So, Mizrabs will play Sarod and dictions will not play Sarod (from 2)

    7. Given, 
    The kind that plays Tabla does not play Sitar
    Since Mizrabs play Tabla, they does not play Sitar.(from 1), Hence, Dictions play Sitar (from 2)

    Since scripts does not play Sitar (from the result of 3 and 4), they would play Tabla.

    Since Scripts play Table, Frets will not play Tabla (from 4)

    41) D

    I couldn't infer the whole translation for Maharashtra but I got some clue from the translation of Gujurat. 

    In the below two figures, I've highlighted the interesting pronunciations in red, green and blue color boxes. If you compare both the images, you might agree to the one highlighted in blue indicating 'ra' 


    In the word 'Maharashtra' 'ra' comes in the middle. So, trying to identifying the equivalent letter in the options gave me D as answer. 

    42) A

    Pretty straight forward. 

    The texture of the letters given in options B,C, and D are not smooth while only option A has smooth texture.

    For example, observe the texture of the letter B as shown below.

    43) B

    By observation. Note that I've kept the following as reference to match with the options



    44) B

    By observation.

    45) A

    46) A

    As the light source is turned about the center of the rod, the red light rotates around the surface of the square room. But, as it turns from the mid of the wall to the edge/side, the bulb tries to make same angle with the rod. As it turns, the length of the red light shall increase and so it's the height from the ground shall be low. I've shown this on the isometric view below. 

    47) B

    Below image shows the 3D view and the corresponding front and top view. The solid is nothing but a dice. No. 1 denotes the curved surface in 3D view. The same surface will be visible in both the front, top and left side views. So, surface 1 shouldn't be counted thrice, but only once.



    Following this logic,  
    No. of surfaces in the top view = 5
    No. of surfaces in the bottom view = 5
    No. of surfaces in the front view = 1
    No. of surfaces in the left side view = 1
    No. of surfaces in the back view = 1
    No. of surfaces in the right side view = 1

    Total = 5+5+1+1+1+1 = 14

    48) C

    Like I explained in the post below, when the person's left leg is front (while walking/running), the person's right hand will be front, and same goes with the other leg and hand. 



    49) C

    As shown in the first image below, the curve of the hand band in the side view should be like the curve downwards and not upwards. So, option B is not correct. 


    As shown in the second image (point 1), his beard cut should be low - almost to the horizontal level of the mustache. So, option A is not correct. As highlighted in point 3, the curve f the padding should not be upwards as the batsman's leg is crossed. So, as pointed is point 2, it should be curved downwards. So, option C fits.

    50) C

    In mirror reflection, left appears right and right appears left. If the person is seeing to the right originally, then in mirror he/she appears as if looking towards left and vice versa.

    51) B

    In the below image, I've marked the light direction using a curve and arrow. I've shown the wrong location of the light in circles. 
    In the other image for option C, I've drawn circle denoting the wrong location of lights. In option D, the light is foused only to the eyes and no other location of the person. The correct option is B.

    52) D 

    By observation, we can note the following as shown by arrow in the below figure. This shows that the grey colored board should appear continuous, unlike in option B where the board is interrupted. Also, the right portion of the other board is smaller in length as compared to the length of the same board, but to its left as it is appearing bit same to larger length in the given perspective image.

    53)  B

    On one side, the milkman has 8 liters and on the other side he has zero liters as the 5 liter and 3 liter cans were empty. Follow the steps below by transferring milk each time.

    Initially 

    8L can - 8L remaining   

    5L Can - 0L remaining
    3L can - 0L remaining

    Step 1
    transfer 3L from 8L to 3L can

    8L can - 5L remaining   

    5L Can - 0L remaining
    3L can - 3L remaining

    Step 2
    transfer 3L from 3L to 5L can

    8L can - 5L remaining   

    5L Can - 3L remaining
    3L can - 0L remaining

    Step 3
    transfer 3L from 8L can to 3L can

    8L can - 2L remaining   

    5L Can - 3L remaining
    3L can - 3L remaining

    Step 4
    transfer 2L from 3L can to 5L can

    8L can - 2L remaining   

    5L Can - 5L remaining
    3L can - 1L remaining

    Step 5
    transfer 5L from 5L can to 8L can

    8L can - 7L remaining   

    5L Can - 0L remaining
    3L can - 1L remaining

    Step 6
    transfer 1L from 3L to 5L can

    8L can - 7L remaining   

    5L Can - 1L remaining
    3L can - 0L remaining

    Step 7
    transfer 3L from 8L can to 3L can

    8L can - 4L remaining   

    5L Can - 1L remaining
    3L can - 3L remaining

    Now you can see that on oth the sides, the cans has 4 liter each. 

    54) A

    Let's say for instance that P is the liar. 

    Then his statement is wrong, which means that Q, R and S statements should be correct. If you check them all, they are all  matching with each other. 

    Let's try by assuming that Q is the liar. This menas that P is correct and so there should be equal no. of red and white balls. But R says that Q is not a liar, which is false. 

    similarly, you can check by assuming R and S as liar each time.

    55) A

    The dark line highlighted in blue is to the right of the light line highlighted in red. Also, note the gap between the two lines as marked in green arrow. Based on these points, option A matches.

    56) C

    At the end of the three folds and when turned back, the bottom portion as highlighted in blue will cover the rest of the folds. Also, the bottom of the T shirt will go up as marked as top.


    57) D

    As shown in the below image, the cut happens alternatively as marked in numbers in a consecutive way. 

    As shown in the below image, the cuts will happen consecutively and their alignment will be increasing on one side and decreasing on the other side. Note that slot 3 will be little higher than slot 1 while slot 4 is little lower than slot 2. In the same way, slot 5 will be higher than 3 and so on.

    58) C

    In the below image, I've shown the direction along which the solid rotates. 

    Based on that, the next position would be as shown in C. 


    59) B

    Tetrahedron is formed by four equal triangles, including the triangle on the base. In the given cur figure, ieh forms the base triangle. Now, three more triangular faces are remaining. The two longer sideas are if, ig and the corresponding longer sides on the cut part are ac, bc. So, the possible combinations are 
    ci, af, bg
    or
    ci, df, ag
    or
    ci, bf, dg

    60) A

    Below image shows the direction of rotation and the resultant orientation of the object after the first 180 degrees rotation about y-axis. Note the direction of the axes in green color. There is a shift about z-axis by 90 degrees as I drew the image with y-axis in front by mistake. Rotating the below view (already 90 degrees turned) by another 90 degrees will result in the pattern shown in A.

    61) B

    Below image shows the direction of the arrow when the paper was turned back with respect to the tape (in green color). The yellow color arrow points towards Northwest.


    62) A

    By visual observation you can note that both A and C are eligible to be considered while B and D are not sure to fit. Now, selection between A and C depends on your visual skills of judging the height of 1 unit of the top frustum as compared to the size of the given two objects. A will fit the size. 

    63) C

    Javed - P
    Jai - Q
    Joshua - R
    Jaspreet - S

    64) B

    Though the crocodile targets C and moves straight, it will catch the meatball at B. After reaching a, and even if it tries to move along ac, because of the flow of water (which has half the speed as it's own speed), for 200m distance, it will land at 'b' which will be 100m (half of 200m) from c. After reaching b, the crocodile will move straight and catches B.


    65) B

    In the below image, I've combined set of two numbers in red and blue boxes.

    Consider the first pattern, 
    red bix 
    11+13 = 24 (one of the numbers of the four numbers)
    this no. (24) and the smallest of the red box (11) will add up to
    11+24=35 (the fourth no.)

    Now, check the second pattern for clarification
    15+17 = 32 
    32+ 15(smallest of 15,17) = 47

    Similarly, for the fourth pattern
    ?+24 = 48
    and 
    ?+48 = 72
    Now, you got what ? should be....

    66) C

    By careful observation 

    67) B

    By visual observation, you can verify that B fits into the remaining portion of the solid formed by the green, yellow and grey blocks. For your understanding, I have numbered the missing cube space as 1 and 2 in the below picture. 


    Those numbered vacant space will be occupied by the cubes numbered accordingly, as shown below. I hope you were able to visualize. I couldn't draw and show this to you as I don't see any other way of explaining this other than above.

    68) B

    In all the three given pattern, the top rows follow the same pattern. So, option D is not suitable. 

    Also, as shown in the below image, the balls highlighted in the circle rotates by one step in clockwise direction in the patterns from left to right (note the rotating arrow). Observe the balls numbered 1,2,3,4


    69) B

    Gynaeo needs Paed on standby during operating hours, which means they work together. Orthop surgeries cannot happen on the same days that gynaeo surgeries happens. This means Paed and Gynaeo are not together. 
    Also, Neuro and ortho work together. 

    Sudhir and Dilip have never met Sushma. Let's say Sushma belongs to Gynaeo,(and so Jaya and Arun are with her), Sushir and Dilip belongs to Neuro + Ortho. Arun is an anaesthiest. So, Rama is the left over and he the left over work is Intensive care. 

    70) D

    Here is how I interpreted the case.
    Green line shows the connecting rod. At 1, the centrifugal force is trying to push the seater as shown in the direction of the red arrow (tangent to the circle at that point).

    At 2 (for instance), the centrifugal force is along the red arrow, slanting downwards. At 3, though the centrifugal foce (red line) is downwards, the effect of rotation and force at point 2, causes the inertia of the seater to try to fly away from the wheel. This inertial force, added with the setaer weight and centrifugal forces make the seater incline more as shwon at 3. 
    The same applies to all the seaters (seaters on the right half also).  

    71) D

    Observe the straight lines that I've drawn across the given patterns. Based on these lines, we can tell position the internal thin lines on the required pattern at the question mark. 

    Also, in the second image below, there is no much difference between the column 3 and column 4 except that the patterns in column 4 are slightly oriented to that in pattern 3 in an alternating fashion. In row 1, the pattern in column 4 is rotated slightly towards anti clockwise to the orientation of the pattern in column 3.

    In row 2, the pattern in column 4 is rotated slightly towards clockwise (alternated to that in row 1) to the orientation of the pattern in column 3. Like this, the alternating continues and for the last row, the pattern at the question mark should be rotated slightly in clockwise as that in column 3. Now, you can tell the correct pattern.

    72) B

    By observation. The patterns are moving in anti-clockwise direction.

    73) D

    The third art work seems to be Indian making our life easier in choosing the option.

    74) A

    75) C
    Because of having four legs, P is the most stable of all the four chairs. The no. of visible parts in S is 4, which is lesser than in R.

    76) A

    77) D

    C and D looks similar but the dark lines in C is bit thinner than in D. 

    78) B

    When folded, the portion that appears in the front is the one highlighted by blue color in the below image.


    79) D

    When folded such that all the sides make a flat face as shown in options, the front cut of the triangle (shown in the direction X) will be visible. Now the question is what will appear inside the traingle hole. The following shapes gets overlaid on top of one another.
    1. triangle (coincides with the front triangle)
    2. inverted (upside down) traingle
    3. hexagon (this will not be visible because of big in size)
    4. Pentagon. 

    Below, I've shown how the traingle (blue) and inverted triangle (red) coincides. Also are shown the bordering lines in yellow. Interestingly, the pentagon also matches with the slot as highlighted in yellow.


    80) D

    Simple, the contact area between the hand and the cylinder (like a pipe)  plays a crucial role in transmitting the force apart from the size of the . However, B is the worst of all as it has the worst grip owing to small diameter of the cylinder and the aspect ratio (hand size to dylinder diameter). In A and B, some energy is needed to prevent the slipping/rotation of the hand. 

    81) B

    The following are the possible combinations.
    q,
    q, r, p
    r,p 
    r,s,p
    q,r,s,p

    82) B

    83) A 
      
    In the below image, I've illustrated the steps in finding the sides of the triangle. Once the side is known, the area of the triangle is easy to find. I've done this for two triangles. You can verify the same for the third (outer most) triangle to get the answer.
    (click to view larger image)


    84) C
    Below image shows the direction in which the frog should be descending.

    85) A

    By observation.