Showing posts with label CEED Tips. Show all posts
Showing posts with label CEED Tips. Show all posts

14 January 2021

Strategy and Time management while giving CEED exam

 What is covered in this post

  1. Time management during CEED Part A and B
  2. Strategy to give your best
  3. Tips to avoid nervousness and stay proactive during your exam 

Negative marking for Part A as of 2021
  • NAT - No negative marking
  • MSQ - 0.2 negative marking (tentative) for the wrong answers. Even if one of the selection goes wrong, then the whole question will be evaluated as wrong.
  • MCQ - 0.5 negative marking (tentative) for the wrong answer

Topics covered (mostly) under the sections
  • NAT - Numerical, some mathematical, non verbal
  • MSQ - Mostly ability, reasoning, image based aptitude,  
  • MCQ - Mostly simple and basic image based aptitude that are simple, including design and basic math aptitude, design GA 

Strategy for Part A 

  1. First step - I recommend you to start with MCQ. If a particular question is taking too much time then skip that question and move to the next one. Make sure that you are touching all the questions. Mark the option only when you are at least 80% sure of your answer.
  2. Second step - Take up NAT part. Again, if any question is appearing difficult then just skip that and move to the next question
  3. Third step - Finally come to MSQ part. This part is where most of you might make mistakes - by missing something, or choosing one or more wrong choices. Be careful and answer the question only if you have verified all the given options and are more than 90% sure of the answer. Otherwise you will be unnecessarily loosing the marks in negatives. This discussion is applicable for MCQ as well.

Time management for Part A

  1. On an average spend at the max 1.5 to 2 minutes for each question in the beginning, regardless of marks. 
  2. Spare at least 10 minutes at the end to recheck your attempted questions and to answer the missed questions.
  3. If a questions seem to take more than that then keep skip that for the time being. Note the Q numbers in the rough paper given to you so that while you recheck at the end it will be easy to identify those questions 
  4. Make sure that at the end of the exam you have gone through all the questions. This is because there might be some easy and instant answerable questions and you might just miss marking that just because you couldn't get time to even read the questions. So, go through all the questions. 
  5. Answer all NAT questions even if you are not confident. Coz NAT part doesn't have negative marking. If you are not sure of the answer, then use some common sense, or your intuition or even some logic to roughly estimate the answer. Make sure you are not missing any NAT.
  6. Remember, no need to answer all the questions! No need to give 100% attendance :P In that process you might end up with large negative marking. Answer only those few that you are pretty confident. Save yourself from negative marking by being smart!
  7. You better assume attempting MCQ and NAT as top priorities. Be very cautious while attempting MSQ 

Strategy and time management for Part B

  1. For all the five (less or more) questions, spend at least 2-5 minutes, at least, to read the question. Read the question very carefully and understand the requirement. Understand what is that they need and what you are supposed to do. Mind the evaluation criteria and plan to attempt only that much as asked. 
  2. For sketching question, plan on what to sketch, the view, the objects to be shown etc. 
  3. For problem identification, form, visual synthesis and creativity questions, spare time for ideation and imagine and give thought on what to do. Stay cool and relaxed and give initial thinking. If needed list down the keywords or key points (for example the problems, or creative ideas given shapes like a pen etc.) in the rough paper so that you won't miss the idea after some time. 
  4. You will have to cover 5 questions in 2 hours. But, for the first sketching question you may spend up to 25-30 minutes. You can plan the remaining time for covering the other four questions. However, don't spend the complete 25-30 minutes initially. Follow step 5 and 6 for sketching. 
  5. Keep a time limit of say 15-20 minutes to complete all the important elements of the sketch. By elements I mean the important parts of your sketching - Proportion or relative sizes, perspective, size, shape, clarity, line quality etc. Try to keep these features in mind while you sketch
  6. I always recommend you to start with line sketching. Quickly complete the initial basic line sketching by covering all the parts of the given situation requirements. 
  7. After sketching take up next questions (whichever you feel is easy, start with that). Again, just like you did for sketching - attempting the outline to give a shape to the answer, quickly answer the question as per the ideation you do at that time (step 3).  
  8. After attempting all the question and based on the left over time, start completing the questions in full form by giving details. Do this first for the four questions and after that you can spend the left over time on the sketching.  
  9. If completing the sketch (initial line drawing) took whole time, then you may have to skip the detailing step. That's absolutely fine. But make sure that you are at least completing the sketch in terms of line sketching and form. 
 

Tips to stay calm, cool, and free from nervousness

  • Whether you are prepared or not, your positive mindset and your attitude matters. This is going to help you stay cool, smart, and active so that with these mindset you will be able to answer even the difficult and the answerable questions! 
  • Attitude matters - Be with the attitude: 'It's ok even if I don't clear the exam. I will have alternate options.' Having this mindset will help you stay calm, and avoid the fear for missing the high ranks. Whether you are prepared or not, your positive mindset is what helps you a lot. So stay with this attitude and give the exam assuming that it's just your job to give it. 
  • While you are waiting to enter the exam hall in the morning of the exam day, listen to some good and motivating music using headphones.
  • Or, While you are waiting to enter the exam hall, see if you can play some mind games. Your mind should be kept busy and free.....far from the thought and fear of the exam. With free mind you will be able to give your best!
  • Or, make new friends at the hall before the exam (or even spend time with your own friends who are present there) so that you can discuss with them on general stuff like where they prepared, what's their future plans, any new colleges they have identified for design, what are their college recommendations etc. 

Further tips

  • Though you answer Part B in the answer book given to you, you need to tick appropriate box on the computer screen to indicate that you have answered the same. If you don't your answer might not get evaluated! So be very careful in this.
  • Be confident. That is the only tool/armor you have. Even if you prepared in full form but if you are not confident and positive, you might not be doing your best. It is absolutely ok to be half prepared or even unprepared but confident fully!
  • Sleep well before the day of exam. Don't end up sleeping early in the morning during the exam :P 
  • Don't rush to revise before exam, at least relax yourselves before two hours, by compromising yourself that you have covered everything. Remember the pattern has diverse topics, so it's never complete! Likewise you are never unprepared! you might have observed that on the spot solving questions are well asked in CEED. So, you are already well prepared :)
  • Mind the time during exam. Time management is very important. Questions like reading comprehension, aptitude etc. are time consuming but the good part is we can be more sure about the answers. GA questions are time savers - only if you are aware or heard about that; otherwise be careful in answering them!
  • Don't get fooled by complex looking image questions. They look difficult to solve but in actual they are quite similar like we solve normal geometric questions. Just try them!

Finally
  1. Carry all those things that are listed to be carried to exam hall - including 
  2. admit card, 
  3. ID proofs, 
  4. pencil, 
  5. pen etc. 
  6. Art media like colors, pads, papers etc. 
  7. Papers will be provided to you for rough works.

That's it, I hope we both (me and SYL) helped you in some form :P

Remember, The Attitude!


All the best,
Your bro,
Bhanu. 

18 August 2019

Collection of CEED exam study materials


Someone was asking me to help in finding and easy navigation to a specific topic. Since the topics are wide and many, I've tried my best to segregate them in order - for easy navigation, along with a brief note of the content of the links. Hope this helps.


Complete CEED related SYL blog links download PDF (2020 update)

Before we see the materials, below is a brief list of syllabus for CEED Part A, just for your quick reference
  1. Visual Communication - Logo's, signage, advertising, packaging, fonts etc.
  2. Animation Design - Movement observation, comic strips, visuals etc.
  3. Product Design - Latest and newest products and trends, current products etc.
  4. Automobile Design - Aesthetics, manufacturers and plants etc.
  5. Digital (applied to almost all the fields) - Photography, color coding, displays, printing etc.
  6. Observation (Basic designer skill) - Mirroring, textures, evolution (past to present), isometrics and geometry, tessellations, shadows and more.
  7. Architecture - Sculpture, monuments, materials etc.
  8. General awareness - Engineering ability, materials, culture of the country, famous personalities and their works, instruments, animals etc.

  1. Photography terms, methods and general guide
  2. Guide to Color and video technology
  3. Artistic tools, drawing terms, sculpture
  4. Architecture guide (complete set of architecture/monuments/stupas etc. collections of SYL).
  5. State Painting and Painters
  6. Typography
  7. Illustrations
  8. Musical Instruments 
  9. Guide to solving animation type questions, step-by-step animation movement type questions and how to solve them
  10. Logo's of reputed institutes, automobiles, and signage (signs, symbols and their interpretations)
  11. About India
  12. Materials and manufacturing process (common materials used and the manufacturing process for them)
  13. Evolution of products
  14. Folding and unfolding of solids (Tessellations)
  15. Solving 'number of faces' type questions
  16. Questions on images and geometric objects
  17. Odd man out series 
  18. Direction sense test
  19. Illusions
  20. Numerical and aptitude questions
  21. Tips for solving inductive and logical reasoning questions
  22. Some Deductive, Inductive and verbal reasoning
  23. Convex and concave mirroring
  24. GK on famous authors, PMs, architectural styles bank logos, famous monuments, wonders and finalists etc.


Link 2: CEED Subjective help (Part B help)

This link contains:
  1. Links to sketching/drawing, perspective drawing, tips to exploded views, shading/detailing works etc. 
  2. Guide to User Interface design (UI/UX)
  3. Guide to comic strip making
  4. Storyboard and poster making
  5. Picture Composition (writing a story given an image)
  6. Theory on Design thinking and Creative studies

Link 3: Non Verbal (Image-based questions for CEED) 

This link contains:
  1. Mathematical Geometry ( Types of views, how to visualize solids in all the sides)
  2. Basics of solid shapes
  3. Observation and visualization skills (tangram puzzles. mechanical and spatial ability, tessellations)
  4. Abstract tests, spatial and visual ability test 
  5. Rebus puzzles (pictogram puzzles) 

This link contains:
  1. Collection of famous logo designers, Indian fashion/textile designers, 
  2. Indian famous photographers
  3. Some logos
  4. Famous painters/paintings
  5. Olympic medal winners
  6. Prehistoric paintings and more


Link 5: Resource collections from UCEED page for CEED

Refer only the topics listed below for CEED:
  1. Guide on font with several online links
  2. Typography, visual iconography
  3. Intro. to mathematical solid shapes
  4. Famous paintings, painters, artistic media, art movements etc.
  5. Colors 
  6. General topics (paper sizes, dances, image formats, drawing terminology, perspective and non perspective works)  

Refer only the topics listed below for CEED:
  1. Non-verbal and Image reasoning 
  2. Go through the bullet points under the heading "Some facts"
  3. List of some famous epics of India
  4. List of Indian animators, famous photographers, women designers, renaissance poets
  5. List of Indian noble prize and oscar winners
  6. Plutchik-wheel of emotions


Link 7 - Some CEED Part - A materials

This link contains:
  1. Evolution of objects
  2. Something about materials
  3. A few GK 
  4. Color selection
  5. A few IQ tests 
  6. Sustainable and eco products


This link contains:
  1. CEED Part A previous papers (from 2012 to this years)
  2. Some solutions to CEED Part B (design, sketching, problem-solving etc.)
  3. UCEED previous papers solutions (from UCEED 2015 to latest) - UCEED solutions will help you for CEED Part A preparation as most of the syllabus is same (UCEED is tougher than CEED.
  4. UCEED sample practice papers
  5. CEED sample practice papers


This link contains
  1. Mock tests, samples and previous model papers for CEED.
  2. Mock tests, samples and previous model papers for UCEED (to be practiced for CEED too).
  3. Subjective practice questions



This link contains
  1. Collections of everyday design practice questions for CEED
  2. Solutions shared by me and some students for everyday practice questions
  3. Solutions to some CEED previous years design (Part B) questions
  4. Tips to solving some design questions.


Videos to help you


When to start making portfolio ? What to prepare for Part B

 


What to start? 
How to solve design aptitude, non-verbal, and Ability questions with examples



PART 16


Maths Basics for non-math background design aspirants


Counting number of surfaces on solids



How to start and what to practice for CEED



Find all videos here


Additional Resources



31 May 2019

Answer key to CEED 2019 Part-A question paper




Detailed explanations to some of the design aptitude questions of this paper are available in the below set of videos











CEED 2019 answer key with explanations



1) 2440

As shown in the below image, the number '2' is not in proper font as the rest. Note the colon type extension for the number, which the font type is not following for the other numbers. 


2) 7

Note the common series followed.
Consider the first row with numbers 2, 4, 5
Now consider the last two number 4, 5
5 - 4 = 10
Add 1 gives 1 +1 = 2 (first no.)

Following the same for the others also, you can note the same pattern
(third no. - secibd no.) + 1 = First no.
second row (3-3)+1 = 1
third row  (8-4) + 1 = 5
seventh row (7-3) + 1 = 5
eight row (? - 4) +1 = 4
? - 3 = 4
? = 4+3 = 7

3) 17

In the below image, I've marked the intersections in red circles. 



4) 330

In the below image, I've given numbers (1,2,3) for the important circles of dia. 10cm, 5cm and 35cm. 


Note that 2 and 3 are connected together and so the no. of turns (revolutions) made by circle 2 is the same as the no. of turns/revolutions done by circle 3. So, finding the no. of revolutions of circle 2 is needed. 

for every 1 revolution of the pedal (circle 1), the chain length traveled will be equal to the perimeter of the circle, which is 2*PI*r
here r = 10/2 = 5 (half the diameter)
for 1.5 revolutions, chain travel = 1.5*(2*PI*r) = 1.5*(2*PI*5) 

The chain length traveled over chain 2 is the same as length traveled over chain 1. 

for 2*PI*R travel of chain, no. of revolutions of circle 2 is 1 (here R = 5/2=2.5)

for 1 travel of chain, no. of revolutions of circle 2 is 1/(2*PI*R) = 1/(2*PI*2.5)

for 1.5*(2*PI*5) travel of chain, no. of revolutions of circle 2 is 1.5*(2*PI*5)*1/(2*PI*R) = 1.5*(2*PI*5)/(2*PI*2.5) = 1.5*5/2.5 =3

SO, circle 3 will also make 3 revolutions. 

Perimeter (distance travelled by the wheeltouching the ground) for 3 revolutions L = 3*(2*PI*r) 
here r = 35/2

so, 
l = 6*PI*35/2 = 6*(22/7)*(35/2) = 330

5) 10

There are 17 empty glasses and 7 filled glasses. So, we can fill another 7 glasses in the empty glasses, making the empty glasses now as 17-7 = 10 glasses

6) 18

No. of surfaces for the donut shape marked as 1 in the below image (since it is continuous) = 1


Assuming the view as shown in the image above,

No. of surfaces from front = 3
No. of surfaces from right = 2
No. of surfaces from back = 2
No. of surfaces from left = 3
No. of surfaces from top = 4
No. of surfaces from bottom = 3
7) 13.5

According to the theory of hydrostatic pressure, water in both the tanks shall be on the same level. That means water from Tank A flows to B until it's level drop to the max. level of water in B. Since the water level in B is limited to the Tank B, the water level in A will also be to the level of Tank B as shown below. Note that water will get overflow in Tank B. Area os water in Tank A (red color) is 3X3X(2.5-1) = 13.5



8) 4.82

In the below image, I've marked two red lines with a vertex Z, where Z is the midpoint of BC, and DZ is a new line of unknown length. The required height (height of I from the ground) is IZ + CG (or BF) = IZ + 2


IZ is a part of the triangle DIZ, we know DI (5 cm) and if we get DZ also then we can find IZ.

Note that DC = 4cm, ZC = 2/2 = 1cm

I've shown the further working in the below image.



9) 57

The below list shows the no. of edges formed by each shape.

Triangle = 3 + 3 + 3 = 9 (This is because there will be a triangular hole which will have three edges at the top of the convex, 3 edges at sides and 3 edges inside the convex representing the bottom. For illustration, this is shown as solid shapes in the below images, which is actually the same as the cut holes inside the convex) 
Square = 4+4+4
Pentagon = 5+5+5
Hexagon = 6+6+6
circle = 1+1
And 1 edge is already present (outer circle of the convex)

So, total edges = 9+12+15+18+2+1 = 57

Lines in red represent the edges visible at the top
Lines in blue represent the edges in the side
Lines in black represent the edges in the convex bottom.

10) 17

Given 

20J + 3B = 1M + 1P  (1)
2M + 5B = 4P + 80J   (2)
8P + 2M = how many bananas = xB

we want x.

As you can see, in the requirement, there is no Jamuns. So, let us eliminate that.

multiplying (1) by 4

80J+12B = 4M + 4P (3)

Now, adding (2) to (3) 

80J+12B + 2M + 5B = 4M + 4P + 4P + 80J 

17B + 2M = 4M + 8P
17B = 8P + 2M

So, we need 17 bananas 

11) B

12) A,C 

Keeping the two stone texture (as highlighted in red) as a reference, we can check the options to see which fits the best.

13) C,D

In the below image, I had numbered the order of drawing continuous lines (you can have another order also). 


14) All are correct 

15) B, C, D

Only A will stay, the remaining will topple. The bottom leg of the table should be to the right of the red mark in order to support the weight.

16) B

As shown in the below image (left-hand side view), the dot at the bottom left corner (point 2) indicates that the position of it (Dot B in the top view) should be at point 1 shown as blue dot.



17) A, B, C 

by simple observation
A is obtained by rotating clockwise 135 degrees the given pattern
B is obtained by rotating anit-clockwise 135 degrees the given pattern
C is obtained by rotating anit-clockwise 45 degrees the given pattern
Although D seems to have been obtained by rotating 45 degrees clockwise, the color of the four grids (Highlighted in yellow square in the below image) is different from the actual and so it is not correct. 

18) A, C

19) A, D

20) A, D

According to the small size of line 1, it should be far from the viewer in perspective. But it was shown as thick which means the line is the thickest of all. If Line 1 is the thickest, then four lines cannot be of the same thickness. Clearly, line 2 is thicker than line 3. 

21) B

22) A

As shown in the below image, note the two consecutive diagonal elements. They all have the same pattern throughout the diagonal line. So, we can say that the bottom left pattern of the question mark is the same as the pattern that lies on that diagonal. The same logic applies to the top right corner of the question mark.   


As shown in the second image below, the patterns in the diagonals (highlighted) alternates. In each diagonal highlighted, only two patterns alternate. Now, I hope it's easy for you to identify the patterns along the diagonal over the question mark.


23) B

By careful observation. First, note the red lines and check for the pattern match in the option. Then, check the green lines pattern match with the option. B fits the requirement.

24) D

Since the facial expression is the same for all the images, what we need to check is the position of the hand fingers fold. When we stretch our hand up above while yawning, we try to stretch all parts of the upper body, which includes wrist and bend it downwards as highlighted in the below image. 

25) C

As shown in the image below, since the curved body portion of the lizard is toward the right, the right legs of the lizard should be closed as shown in image 2. 


Also, the left side legs of the lizard should be outwards as marked in image 3 below.

Animation study for design exams


26) C

D is the worst design of all as there was no clearance below the palki, making it difficult both for the labors and the traveler.

For the palki to be comfortable to the workers, the support (using which the labors hold them) must be raised high from the ground. Also, the traveler who sits on it should not feel like he has been raised very high above the ground. This again will easily make him topple to sideways. So, his weight should better to lower to the ground. 
Considering all these requirements, C seems the best option.

27) A

By careful observation. Note that the corners will be sharp and not curved as in C. 

28) A

This is nothing but the side view of the structure. For better understanding, I would suggest you check on how to identify the different views of 3D solids.

29) A


Let us just worry about the highlighted part as shown in the below image and apply the changes mentioned in the ques. 

Rotating the solid by 90 deg about Z axis will result in the following config - considering only the highlighted part.



30) B

In the below image, I've shown the unfold view (to fold 3 positions) of the cuts to give an idea of how the unfolding is done and how the slots appear. Using that as a reference I believe you can do the remaining unfolding.

31) B


32) B

Note the direction in which the solid star is rotating. The direction is marked in red below.
Also, note the movement of the corner 'C' in every rotation. According to the pattern of the corner C in all the 5 patterns, the next position of C should be as shown in option B. Option B comes next to option A. 

33) C

This is a bit tricky question - as the position of the cat relative to the wall surface 'W' is not exactly given, If the cat is left to the wall (or at the center), option C should be applicable based on the maximum height of the penthouse and the main house. But, if the cat is to the right of the wall 'W' then the view would be something like D. 

I will assume that the cat is at the center of the wall and hence the answer will be C. 

34) A

In the below picture, I've numbered the sequence of transaction of the square with the dot patterns. As is clear, in every transaction (1 to 2, 2 to 3.....etc.) the size of the dot is increasing. But, this increase in dot size is visible only till 9. After 9, the dot sizes starts decreasing, as is clear from 10 and 12. So, the size of the dots in 11 should be smaller than 12 and larger than 10. Also, another check to be done is the size of the white square spaces. The white spaces should be larger than 10 but smaller than 12. Option A fits the requirements.  



35) 

As far as I know, the man-made fan shown is the traditional product of Andhra/Tamil-Nadu. Also, the handlebar for the teacup shown as first product reminds me of those which are made for cold places like J&K. Rest products I'm not sure. The option should be one of B and C.

36) C

Casting, punching, and forming are the operations meant for metals and not for wood. Clearly, C is the option that has none of the above three options. 

The operation performed in the sequence are - Cutting, chiseling, drilling, chiseling, finishing


37) B

Clearly,   

P and S have human elements
Q has bird element
R has an animal element.

38) B

Below set of images will give the total count. 



39) B

As shown in the below picture, the top view will be from the direction as shown by an arrow. Note that the curved and slant surfaces will not add edge but only sharp edges will form a circle as shown in red extension lines.     


In the next image, I've shown the width between two successive lines that form a circle when rotated about the axis. Note that d1 is double the dia. owing to the rotation.



40) D

As shown in the below first image by blue arrows, the ball is moving one step in the clockwise direction in every pattern numbered as 1,2,3...9 in red color. So, according to that, the position of the ball from 8 to 9 should be as indicated by blue arrow in 8. 


However, the V kind shape in each pattern is following a different trend. When the position of the ball moves to the position of V (as in patterns 3 and 6 shown by red arrows), the V shape moves one step anti-clockwise as shown in pattern 3 and 6 by blue arrows. 

Now, considering the above two criteria, option D is correct.

41) B

For easy understanding, I've shown the scenario in the below image.


When the viewer views as he was standing on the ground, the painting (which will be on the floor, shown as CD) will be visible along the line AB. Assuming this way, the given image in the left (check the question) shall be considered as that seen in AB. The same AB on the floor (CD) will be stretched. Especially, the portion of the painting near to A will be less stretched while the portion of the image near to B will be greatly stretched. 

42) D

43) B

44) C

45) B   


23 March 2018

Answer key to CEED 2018 Part-A question paper


I somehow managed time to answer CEED 2018 question paper (exam 1).  Hope you find this post useful. Surprisingly most of the questions covered UCEED syllabus like paragraph comprehension etc. So, like I usually suggest, you may consider practicing both CEED  and UCEED previous papers and Mock tests. 

You may download CEED 2018 question paper here


CEED 2018 answer key with explanations


1) 62

The solid is symmetry in front and back sides but not in sides.
Front side - 10
Back side - 10 (symmetry - same as front)
Right side - 12
Left side - 9
Top - 11
Bottom - 10

Total - 62

2) 12

Apart from the given 4 patterns, the following seven patterns (exclude pattern 10) can be obtained as shown in the figure.


Edit: Patterns 9 and 10 has to be considered same as it was mentioned in the ques that flipping or rotation is allowed.

3) 23

Below image shows the patterns and the number of times they are repeated.



4) 25

By very close observation.

Either go row-wise or column-wise to prevent recounting the squares. Use the bigger rectangle as a reference to avoid confusion.

5) 

I'm not getting this question. I can share the below links so that you can figure it out.

Hue Value Saturation -

Here is an online tool for fun -


6) 6

The below picture shows the hidden words.



7) 3736

The answer is simple,

Considering the codes, the difference between the successive numbers are 404. (in mathematics, this sequence is called Arithmetic Progression). For example, the difference between 4 and 5 is
1716-1312 = 404
Likewise the difference between 7 and 8 is
3332 - 2928 = 404
So, the code for number 9 should be 404 more than the code for number 8
 = 3332 + 404 = 3736

The below image shows the explanation



8) 15

Below figure shows the arrangement of the chess board. Considering the yellow boxes as the ones being occupied by pawns while the blue is occupied by the knight. The following sequences of steps are to be taken to make the minimum no. of moves

2, 12, 18, 28, 11, 26, 20, 10, 27, 37, 47, 53, 38, 55, 45, 39



9) C,D 

I hope you can figure this out.

10) B, C, D

11) B, D

A and C doesn't fit the statement.

12) B, C

13) A, B 

Escher work collections - the guardian

work gallery

Official gallery


14) A, B

stat 2 - All logos are abstract visuals.
stat 3 - All photographs are non-abstract visuals.

Both the statements imply that logos and photographs are two opposite things for they are abstract and non-abstract respectively. So, Options A and B are a good fit. Options C and D are contradicting the statements.

15) A, B, C

D doesn't seem to support the reason for keeping full or near full tank. According to D, it means that either full tank or non-full tank has the same effect on the fuel efficiency but it is not recommending the reason for maintaining the full tank.

16) B, D

Mirrors used in automobiles are designed such that they show small images than enlarged images so that the driver would get a better and wider view.  He would get a clear view of its left and right.Say the object is very near to the vehicle, then without any magnification, the object would appear big in the mirror, making it difficult to see the status of occupancy or position That's why I believe the mirrors were made to show smaller in size.

17) D

Below figures show the explanation. Numbering the symbols 1,2,3,4,5,6, The patterns in A,B,C,D are as shown.


Assuming that A and B cubes are correct, B is obtained by rotating A twice in the clockwise direction such that no. 1 is in the same face. If we did so, it means the position of both 2 and 3 are turned twice in clockwise. This is shown in Fig. 1. The numbers 2 and 3 are marked. Now the only number left is 6, which should be on the back surface as marked as S1 shown in Fig.1. So, the invisible surfaces on the back are 2 and 6. Figure 2 shows the back side parts neglecting the front 2 surfaces 1 and 5.

Option C is just a turned view of Fig 2 as you can clearly see. In Fig.1, when the surfaces numbered 1 and 5 are horizontal, surface 3 should be on the bottom. But in D, it is shown as top and hence it is wrong.

(Note: This problem can also be looked upon as a tessellation problem. Try to flatten the surface and number accordingly. Find the mismatch.)

18) D

Had the case the cut was made as shown in figure 1, the option would be C. Because the cut is happening diagonally and the cut portion will be symmetrical on the diagonal at the centre. Cut in the centre will have a higher width and it goes on decreasing till the top/bottom.


But, the cut shown in the figure is not diagonally but is curved. And the curve is bent to the right bottom. The points where the central axis and the cut is meeting (on both sides) is not at the central height but below it as marked in figure 2. So, the maximum width of the cut would somewhere at X-X. The joining at the top should be sharp since there will be no curve.

19) D 

Below figure shows the different configurations. Just rotate the pattern A clockwise or anti-clockwise every 90 degree



20) D

Unfold in the reverse order of folding. Each time mirror the holes along the axis of the unfolding edge as shown in the figure.

21) A

Delhi-Thiruvananthapuram is the longest distance, so it should come in the last. The distance between Kolkatta and Bengaluru is lesser than the distance between Ahmedabad and Guwahati.

22) D

It's one of the well-known art of RRV, well known as 'Hamsa Damayanti'. For more about different painter/paintings, check the below links


23) C

Check - art history timeline 

Also check - modern art movements 

A very useful pdf on art moment timeline of all over the world 


24) B

Match either row wise or column wise. Say, I chose column-wise, for every column in the black pattern, I align magenta coloured squares in the second pattern alongside the first. By doing so, it will be seen that A and B are almost same except for the difference in 5th row 3rd and 4th column.

25) C

It is clear from the below image that the landings are a slant. And the thickness of the alphabets is equal.


Also, the curves (as shown in the below figure) and the round of the alphabet (na) matters. Only C satisfies the font style.



26) B

Twinkling happens because of the turbulence in the atmosphere. Because of the turbulence, the light from the star is refracted in different directions.

Source - 

27) A

Clearly, the woman is angry and/or annoyed

Image 2 - Panic
Image 3 - Sob
Image 4 - surprise/shocked
Image 5 - Hmph!/sad/Disappointed

28) A

Check the below link or the complete flags - Image of flags of all nations here


29) D

It's very clear by observing the front leg and the position of the bat.
To learn more - Step by step animation process guide

30) B

Clearly, Elon musk is related to Tesla. Dean Kamen is related to Segway. Hence option B suits

31) A

Regardless of the number of pulleys (say thousands), the length of the top that lifts is equal to the length of the rope pulled by the vehicle. Based on the fact that the length of the rope remains same. Had the case any of the pulleys are moving, the answer would be different.

32) D

Here is a website that is fun to go through -

33) B

34) D

Here is a collection of Charles and Ray Earnes works -


Here is a collection of Harry Bertoia's works -
and his furniture portfolio -

Philippe Starck Design collections -

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe design works page 1 and Design works -2

By going through them all, you can check the difference of the style that each follow.

35) D

Clearly, 2 is the best one which offers easy accessibility from one entity to the rest. 4 is the next easy one. And, 1 and 5 offers the least accessibility from one entity to another.

36) A

Here is an image that will help you figure out the bone links.


Source

37) C

Below image points the differences
click the image to enlarge

38) C

Rob Janoff is the designer of Apple logo. The bite out of the apple was made so that people did not mistake the apple for a cherry or another fruit.

39) C

Kanji are the adopted logographic Chinese characters that are used in the Japanese writing system. They are used alongside hiragana and katakana. The Japanese term kanji for the Chinese characters literally means "Han characters". It is written with the same term and characters in the Chinese language to refer to the character writing system, hanzi.

Jiaguwen (Oracle bone script) was the form of Chinese characters used on oracle bones—animal bones or turtle plastrons used in pyromantic divination—in the late 2nd millennium BCE, and is the earliest known form of Chinese writing.

Source - Wikipedia

40) D

Slow motion needs more than 24fps

Universally accepted film frame rate is 24fps
Some 1080i high definition cameras can record at 50 frame rate.

For more - a guide on video and media

41) B

This page gives a detailed guide